template<typename MemoryMappable> 
  mapped_region(const MemoryMappable & mapping, mode_t mode, 
                offset_t offset = 0, std::size_t size = 0, 
                const void * address = 0, 
                map_options_t map_options = default_map_options);

Creates a mapping region of the mapped memory "mapping", starting in offset "offset", and the mapping's size will be "size". The mapping can be opened for read only, read-write or copy-on-write.

If an address is specified, both the offset and the address must be multiples of the page size.

The map is created using "default_map_options". This flag is OS dependant and it should not be changed unless the user needs to specify special options.

In Windows systems "map_options" is a DWORD value passed as "dwDesiredAccess" to "MapViewOfFileEx". If "default_map_options" is passed it's initialized to zero. "map_options" is XORed with FILE_MAP_[COPY|READ|WRITE].

In UNIX systems and POSIX mappings "map_options" is an int value passed as "flags" to "mmap". If "default_map_options" is specified it's initialized to MAP_NOSYNC if that option exists and to zero otherwise. "map_options" XORed with MAP_PRIVATE or MAP_SHARED.

In UNIX systems and XSI mappings "map_options" is an int value passed as "shmflg" to "shmat". If "default_map_options" is specified it's initialized to zero. "map_options" is XORed with SHM_RDONLY if needed.

The OS could allocate more pages than size/page_size(), but get_address() will always return the address passed in this function (if not null) and get_size() will return the specified size.

mapped_region();

Default constructor. Address will be 0 (nullptr). Size will be 0. Does not throw

mapped_region(mapped_region && other);

Move constructor. *this will be constructed taking ownership of "other"'s region and "other" will be left in default constructor state.

mapped_region & operator=(mapped_region && other);

Move assignment. If *this owns a memory mapped region, it will be destroyed and it will take ownership of "other"'s memory mapped region.

~mapped_region();

Destroys the mapped region. Does not throw

void swap(mapped_region & other);

Swaps the mapped_region with another mapped region

std::size_t get_size() const;

void * get_address() const;

Returns the base address of the mapping. Never throws.

mode_t get_mode() const;

Returns the mode of the mapping used to construct the mapped region. Never throws.

bool flush(std::size_t mapping_offset = 0, std::size_t numbytes = 0, 
           bool async = true);

Flushes to the disk a byte range within the mapped memory. If 'async' is true, the function will return before flushing operation is completed If 'async' is false, function will return once data has been written into the underlying device (i.e., in mapped files OS cached information is written to disk). Never throws. Returns false if operation could not be performed.

bool shrink_by(std::size_t bytes, bool from_back = true);

Shrinks current mapped region. If after shrinking there is no longer need for a previously mapped memory page, accessing that page can trigger a segmentation fault. Depending on the OS, this operation might fail (XSI shared memory), it can decommit storage and free a portion of the virtual address space (e.g.POSIX) or this function can release some physical memory wihout freeing any virtual address space(Windows). Returns true on success. Never throws.

bool advise(advice_types advise);

Advises the implementation on the expected behavior of the application with respect to the data in the region. The implementation may use this information to optimize handling of the region data. This function has no effect on the semantics of access to memory in the region, although it may affect the performance of access. If the advise type is not known to the implementation, the function returns false. True otherwise.

static std::size_t get_page_size();

Returns the size of the page. This size is the minimum memory that will be used by the system when mapping a memory mappable source and will restrict the address and the offset to map.